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Linux Localization
This document was last updated on January 31, 2000
Table of Contents:
When you first boot an HP VISUALIZE Linux Workstation, HP's
setparms program asks you which language you would like to use and
sets your keyboard parameters and environment variables appropriately.
This guide will help you if you would like to change things manually
or would like access to the Euro character.
For general information on the Euro in HP products, see:http://www.europe.hp.com/euro.
French -- Français
Vous pouvez souhaiter vous référer à ce document de
Français-langage:
http://www.freenix.fr/unix/linux/HOWTO/French-HOWTO.html
Console
To set the keytable so the French keyboard is recognized in the current
session, use this command:
loadkeys fr-latin0
To set it permanently, use
/usr/sbin/kbdconfig. This command writes to the file
/etc/sysconfig/keyboard.
The Euro on the Console
You can load a console font with the Euro character for the session with:
/bin/consolechars -f lat0-16
A better, more permanent way to do this is to change the internationalization
file /etc/sysconfig/i18n to contain the following:
LANG="fr_FR"
LC_ALL="fr_FR"
LINGUAS="fr_FR"
SYSFONT="lat0-16"
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XWindows
To configure your XServer to recognize the French keyboard, use the
following options in your /etc/X11/XF86Config file in the
Keyboard section:
XkbModel "pc102"
XkbLayout "fr"
Comment out any other XkbModel and XkbLayout options.
The Euro in XWindows
The Euro glyph is part of the X font
-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-*-120-*-*-c-*-iso8859-15,
which corresponds to the file
/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/misc/7x13euro.pcf.gz.
(In a font browser, this is found under
"fixed(misc) iso8859-15 medium[C] 12".)
However, the Euro glyph is associated with
the currency keysym rather than the EuroSign keysym.
You can access the currency keysym with AltGr-$.
As an alternative, you can modify your
X keycodes so the currency keysym is returned by the AltGr-E sequence:
xmodmap -e 'keycode 26 = e E currency EuroSign'
This setup matches the Euro symbol printed on the keyboard.
To do this permanently, you can modify
/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xkb/symbols/fr so it contains
line to map AltGr-E to the currency symbol:
key <AD03> { [ e, E ],
[ currency, EuroSign ] };
You may wish instead to copy the fr file to another, such as
fr_euro, make the changes there, and change your XF86Config
file to look for your new layout:
XkbModel "pc102"
XkbLayout "fr_euro"
You will need to restart the X server to get it to recognize this change.
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German -- Deutsch
Sie können auch gerne auf das deutschsprachige Dokument zugreifen:
http://www.redhat.com/mirrors/LDP/HOWTO/German-HOWTO.html
Console
To set the keytable so the German keyboard is recognized in the current
session, use this command:
loadkeys de-latin1
To set it permanently, use
/usr/sbin/kbdconfig. This command writes to the file
/etc/sysconfig/keyboard.
The Euro on the Console
As yet, there is no ISO8859-15 character set for the German keyboard,
so you cannot get the Euro symbol without a little work:
- cd /usr/lib/kbd/keymaps/i386/qwertz
- Make a copy of de-latin1: cp de-latin1.kmap.gz de-latin0.kmap.gz
- Uncompress the file: gunzip de-latin0.kmap.gz
- In the keycodes section, add this line to de-latin0.kmap:
keycode 18 = +e +E currency
- Re-compress the file: gzip de-latin0.kmap
- Instead of using de-latin1 when setting the console font
(as outlined above), use de-latin0.
You can load a console font with the Euro character for the session with:
/bin/consolechars -f lat0-16
A better, more permanent way to do this is to change the internationalization
file /etc/sysconfig/i18n to contain the following:
LANG="de_DE"
LC_ALL="de_DE"
LINGUAS="de_DE"
SYSFONT="lat0-16"
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XWindows
To configure your XServer to recognize the German keyboard, use the
following options in your /etc/X11/XF86Config file in the
Keyboard section:
XkbModel "pc102"
XkbLayout "de"
Comment out any other XkbModel and XkbLayout options.
The Euro in XWindows
The Euro glyph is part of the X font
-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-*-120-*-*-c-*-iso8859-15,
which corresponds to the file
/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/misc/7x13euro.pcf.gz.
(In a font browser, this is found under
"fixed(misc) iso8859-15 medium[C] 12".)
However, the Euro glyph is associated with
the currency keysym rather than the EuroSign keysym.
You can access the currency
keysym with AltGr-Shift-4. As an alternative, you can modify your
X keycodes so the currency keysym is returned by the AltGr-E sequence:
xmodmap -e 'keycode 26 = e E currency EuroSign'
This setup matches the Euro symbol printed on the keyboard.
To do this permanently, you can modify
/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xkb/symbols/de so it contains
line to map AltGr-E to the currency symbol:
key <AD03> { [ e, E ],
[ currency, EuroSign ] };
You may wish instead to copy the de file to another, such as
de_euro, make the changes there, and change your XF86Config
file to look for your new layout:
XkbModel "pc102"
XkbLayout "de_euro"
You will need to restart the X server to get it to recognize this change.
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UK-English
Console
To set the keytable so the UK keyboard is recognized in the current
session, use this command:
loadkeys uk
To set it permanently, use
/usr/sbin/kbdconfig. This command writes to the file
/etc/sysconfig/keyboard.
The Euro on the Console
As yet, there is no ISO8859-15 character set for the UK keyboard,
so you cannot get the Euro symbol without a little work:
- cd /usr/lib/kbd/keymaps/i386/qwerty
- Make a copy of the UK keymap: cp uk.kmap.gz uk0.kmap.gz
- Uncompress the file: gunzip uk0.kmap.gz
- In the keycodes section of uk0.kmap, change the line for keycode 5 to read:
keycode 5 = four dollar currency Control_backslash
- Re-compress the file: gzip uk0.kmap
- Instead of using uk when setting the console font
(as outlined above), use uk0.
You can load a console font with the Euro character for the session with:
/bin/consolechars -f lat0-16
A better, more permanent way to do this is to change the internationalization
file /etc/sysconfig/i18n to contain the following:
LANG="en_GB"
LC_ALL="en_GB"
LINGUAS="en_GB"
SYSFONT="lat0-16"
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XWindows
To configure your XServer to recognize the UK keyboard, use the
following options in your /etc/X11/XF86Config file in the
Keyboard section:
XkbModel "pc102"
XkbLayout "gb"
Comment out any other XkbModel and XkbLayout options.
The Euro in XWindows
The Euro glyph is part of the X font
-misc-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-*-120-*-*-c-*-iso8859-15,
which corresponds to the file
/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/misc/7x13euro.pcf.gz.
(In a font browser, this is found under
"fixed(misc) iso8859-15 medium[C] 12".)
However, the "gb" keyboard layout doesn't map a key to the Euro glyph.
You can modify your
X keycodes so the currency keysym is returned by the AltGr-4 sequence:
xmodmap -e 'keycode 13 = 4 dollar currency onequarter'
This setup matches the Euro symbol printed on the keyboard.
To do this permanently, you can modify
/usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xkb/symbols/gb so it contains
line to map AltGr-4 to the currency symbol:
key <AE04> { [ 4, dollar ],
[ currency, onequarter ] };
You may wish instead to copy the gb file to another, such as
gb_euro, make the changes there, and change your XF86Config
file to look for your new layout:
XkbModel "pc102"
XkbLayout "gb_euro"
You will need to restart the X server to get it to recognize this change.
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Summary
This table summarizes changes for basic keyboard and language localization.
See the sections above for details and special instructions for the
Euro symbol.
| Language |
/etc/sysconfig/keyboard |
/etc/sysconfig/i18n |
/etc/X11/XF86Config |
|---|
French
Français |
KEYTABLE="fr-latin0" |
LANG="fr_FR"
LC_ALL="fr_FR"
LINGUAS="fr_FR"
SYSFONT="lat0-16" |
...
XkbModel "pc102"
XkbLayout "fr"
... |
German
Deutsch |
KEYTABLE="de-latin1" |
LANG="de_DE"
LC_ALL="de_DE"
LINGUAS="de_DE"
SYSFONT="lat0-16" |
...
XkbModel "pc102"
XkbLayout "de"
... |
UK English |
KEYTABLE="uk" |
LANG="en_GB"
LC_ALL="en_GB"
LINGUAS="en_GB"
SYSFONT="lat0-16" |
...
XkbModel "pc102"
XkbLayout "gb"
... |
US English |
KEYTABLE="us" |
LANG="en_US"
LC_ALL="en_US"
LINGUAS="en_US" |
...
XkbModel "pc104"
XkbLayout "us"
... |
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